There is evidence that suggests that small thrombi (clots) in superficial veins can embolize, but they are so small that they are clinically silent when they do.
Thrombi in the deep veins of the pelvis can result in clinically significant and even fatal pulmonary emboli, in addition to clots in the deep veins of the lower extremities. Sometimes a clot in the superficial veins of the thigh near the groin, can propagate (grow) and extend into the deep veins draining the leg. It is conceivable that a clot in the superficial veins of the penis could extend into the deep pelvic veins this way.
I suspect this would only happen in someone with a blood-clotting disorder (hypercoagulable state), and I don’t know if it has ever been reported.
An aneurysm is a dilated vessel (almost always an artery, not a vein). It has nothing to do with a venous thrombosis and doesn’t result from a venous thrombosis.