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07-21-2003

"Infrared heat increases the extensibility of collagen tissues. Tissues heated to 45C (112F) and then stretched exhibit a nonelastic residual elongation of about 0.5 to 0.9 percent that persists after the stretch is removed. This does not occur in these same tissues when stretched at normal tissue temperature. Thus 20 stretching sessions can produce a 10 – 18% increase in length in tissues heated and stretched."

Benefits of Heat in PE

Deformation of tissue at a molecular level requires energy. Directional forces are employed in manual PE and many PEers also transfer heat to the penis as an additional energy input to facilitate the process.

Heat is the form of energy that is spontaneously transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one. Temperature can be thought of as the rate of molecular vibration. To deform a tissue, the molecules of which it is composed must be re-configured. This increase in vibration (raised temperature) assists in the extensibility of molecular structures such as collagen.

There are many different ways to transfer heat:

"Heat transfer mechanisms

As mentioned previously, heat tends to move from a high temperature region to a low temperature region. This heat transfer may occur by the mechanisms conduction and radiation. In engineering, the term convective heat transfer is used to describe the combined effects of conduction and fluid flow and is regarded as a third mechanism of heat transfer.

Conduction

Conduction is the most significant means of heat transfer in a solid. On a microscopic scale, conduction occurs as hot, rapidly moving or vibrating atoms and molecules interact with neighboring atoms and molecules, transferring some of their energy (heat) to these neighboring atoms. In insulators the heat flux is carried almost entirely by phonon vibrations.

The "electron fluid" of a conductive metallic solid conducts nearly all of the heat flux through the solid. Phonon flux is still present, but carries less than 1% of the energy. Electrons also conduct electric current through conductive solids, and the thermal and electrical conductivities of most metals have about the same ratio. A good electrical conductor, such as copper, usually also conducts heat well. The Peltier-Seebeck effect exhibits the propensity of electrons to conduct heat through an electrically conductive solid. Thermoelectricity is caused by the relationship between electrons, heat fluxes and electrical currents.

Convection

Convection is usually the dominant form of heat transfer in liquids and gases. This is a term used to characterize the combined effects of conduction and fluid flow. In convection, enthalpy transfer occurs by the movement of hot or cold portions of the fluid together with heat transfer by conduction. For example, when water is heated on a stove, hot water from the bottom of the pan rises, heating the water at the top of the pan. Two types of convection are commonly distinguished, free convection, in which gravity and buoyancy forces drive the fluid movement, and forced convection, where a fan, stirrer, or other means is used to move the fluid. Buoyant convection is because of the effects of gravity, and hence does not occur in microgravity environments.

Radiation

Radiation is the only form of heat transfer that can occur in the absence of any form of medium and as such is the only means of heat transfer through a vacuum. Thermal radiation is a direct result of the movements of atoms and molecules in a material. Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles (protons and electrons), their movements result in the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which carries energy away from the surface. At the same time, the surface is constantly bombarded by radiation from the surroundings, resulting in the transfer of energy to the surface. Since the amount of emitted radiation increases with increasing temperature, a net transfer of energy from higher temperatures to lower temperatures results.

The frequencies of the emitted photons are described by the Planck distribution. A black body at higher temperature will emit photons having a distributional peak at a higher frequency than will a colder object, and their respective spectral peaks will be separated according to Wien’s displacement law. The photosphere of the Sun, at a temperature of approximately 6000 K, emits radiation principally in the visible portion of the spectrum. The solar radiation incident upon the earth’s atmosphere is largely passed through to the surface. The atmosphere is largely transparent in the visible spectrum. However, in the infrared spectrum that is characteristic of a blackbody at 300K, the temperature of the earth, the atmosphere is largely opaque. The blackbody radiation from earth’s surface is absorbed or scattered by the atmosphere. Though some radiation escapes into space, it is the radiation absorbed and subsequently emitted by atmospheric gases. It is this spectral selectivity of the atmosphere that is responsible for the planetary greenhouse effect.

The behavior of a common household lightbulb has a spectrum overlapping the blackbody spectra of the sun and the earth. A portion of the photons emitted by a tungsten light bulb filament at 3000K lie in the visible spectrum. However, the majority of the photonic energy is associated with longer wavelengths and will transfer heat to the environment, as can be deduced empirically by observing a household incandescent lightbulb. Whenever EM radiation is emitted and then absorbed, heat is transferred. This principle is used in microwave ovens, laser cutting, and RF hair removal.

Other heat transfer mechanisms

* Latent heat: Transfer of heat through a physical change in the medium such as water-to-ice or water-to-steam involves significant energy and is exploited in many ways: steam engine, refrigerator etc. (see latent heat of fusion)
* Heat pipe: Using latent heat and capillary action to move heat, it can carry many times as much heat as a similar sized copper rod. Originally invented for use in satellites, they are starting to have applications in personal computers."

http://en.wikip … a.org/wiki/Heat

09-08-2002

"Circumstances that increase the activity of the sympathetic nervous system— such as stress or exposure to cold-can temporarily shrink the penis by making it more flaccid. Conversely, switching off the activity of the sympathetic nervous system enhances erections. Nocturnal erections are a good example of this phenomenon. These occur primarily during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the stage in which dreaming occurs. During REM sleep, sympathetic neurons are turned off in the locus coeruleus, a specific area of the brain stem, the part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord. According to one theory, when this sympathetic brain center is quiet, proerectile pathways predominate, allowing nocturnal erections to occur. We often refer to such erections as "battery-recharging mechanisms" for the penis, because they increase blood flow, bringing in fresh oxygen to reenergize the organ. (Episodes of nocturnal arousal also occur in women. Four or five times a night that is, during each episode of REM-women experience labial, vaginal and clitoral engorgement.)

Erections are continuously inhibited by the sympathetic nervous system (blue). During REM sleep, however, when the sympathetic neurons in the locus coeruleus are turned off, erections occur spontaneously The other brain structure that inhibits erections is the paragigantocellular nucleus (PGN). Conversely, the parasympathetic nervous system (red) is excitatory. Tactile stimuli or stimuli processed in the cortex may be integrated in the paraventricular nucleus and the medial preoptic area (MPOA), triggering an erection. Some erections (called reflexive) occur entirely in the erection-generating center of the spinal cord, which runs from vertebra S3 to vertebra T12."

Male sexual circuitry

This thread references a publication in which nervous system control of erection is discussed. A nervous system is a network of neurons. In vertebrates which are animals that have a spine, the vertebrate nervous system is sub-grouped into the central nervous system which is the brain and the spinal cord. The remaining neural networks are collectively referred to as the peripheral nervous system. These networks are subdivided by function into the somatic nervous system which regulates consciously controlled bodily movement and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).

http://en.wikip … /Nervous_system

Autonomic Nervous System

"Function

The sympathetic nervous system is frequently referred to as the "fight or flight" system, as it has a stimulatory effect on organs and physiological systems. In contrast the parasympathetic nervous system has been described as the "rest and digest" system because it has a relaxing effect on many organs. However, many instances of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity cannot be ascribed to "fight" or "rest" situations. For example, standing up from a reclining or sitting position would entail an unsustainable drop in blood pressure if not for a compensatory increase in the arterial sympathetic tonus. Another example is the constant, second to second modulation of heart rate by sympathetic and parasympathetic influences, as a function of the respiratory cycles. More generally, these two systems should be seen as permanently modulating vital functions, in usually antagonistic fashion, to achieve homeostasis. Some typical actions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are listed below:

Sympathetic nervous system

* The blood flow is diverted away from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract and skin via vasoconstriction.
* Blood flow to skeletal muscles skeletal muscle, the lung is not only maintained, but enhanced (by as much as 1200%, in the case of skeletal muscles).
* Bronchioles dilate, which allows for greater alveolar oxygen exchange.
* The sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and the contractility of cardiac cells (myocytes), thereby providing a mechanism for the enhanced blood flow to skeletal muscles.
* pupils are dilated and the lens relaxed, allowing more light to enter the eye.

Parasympathetic nervous system

The parasympathetic nervous system dilates blood vessels leading to the GI tract. These effects, may be important immediately following the consumption of food, due to the greater metabolic demands placed on the body by the gut. The parasympathetic nervous system diverts blood back to the gastrointestinal tract thereby aiding in digestion.

The parasympathetic nervous system can also constrict the bronchiolar diameter when the need for oxygen has diminished.

During accommodation, the parasympathetic nervous system causes constriction of the pupil and lens.

The parasympathetic nervous system stimulates salivary gland secretion, and accelerates peristalsis, so, in keeping with the rest and digest functions, appropriate PNS activity mediates digestion of food and indirectly, the absorption of nutrients."

http://en.wikip edia.org/wiki/A … _nervous_system

The autonomic nervous system regulates penile erection. In fight mode, penile smooth muscle is sent a signal which causes it to contract which causes the penis to retract (turtle). This contraction is thought to protect the penis during battle.

In the resting state, when the parasympathetic nervous system input out weighs that of the sympathetic nervous system, the penile smooth muscle is relaxed which allows for a larger flaccid penis and the facilitation of erection.

11-07-2006

""The greater the volume of damaged tissue, the greater the extent of, and the greater the density of the resulting scar tissue." This resulting greater density scar tissue would then would require much greater force to re-injure. So I think what Xeno was trying to say was that the key during the Inflammation stage is to inflict enough tissue damage to elicit a growth response while minimizing the production of scar tissue"

Iquana - IPR the sky is the limit?

The following is the full quote from the referenced publication:

"Healing by fibrosis will most likely be taking place in the tissue repair scenario considered here. The fibrin deposits from the inflammatory stage will be partly removed by the fibrinolytic enzymes (from the plasma and PMN’s) and will be gradually replaced by granulation tissue which becomes organised to form the scar tissue. Macrophages are largely responsible for the removal of the fibrin, allowing capillary budding and fibroblastic activity to proceed (proliferation). The greater the volume of damaged tissue, the greater the extent of, and the greater the density of the resulting scar tissue. Chronic inflammation is usually accompanied by some fibrosis even in the absence of significant tissue destruction (Hurley 1985)"

The above publication quotation is referenced in post #4 of this thread.

11-07-2006

"A scar is a mark left in skin or organs by the healing of a wound or injury. It is the replacement of tissue by connective tissue…When the collagen used for tissue mending matures, it is referred to as scar tissue. It forms to fix the continuity of the tissue, but it is approximately 20 per cent weaker than the original tissue…When ample scarring occurs, a contracture or shortening of the connective tissue can occur. The result is tissue that cannot adequately lengthen, which can greatly reduce motion of the area. Usually lengthening can be restored with proper exercise or stretching of the area…Occasionally, these shortened or contracted areas will produce adhesions.
An adhesion is a cross-link of the collagen-based connective tissue in a random pattern. It is usually treated with massage techniques and stretching protocols. Chronic inflammation however, can cause fibrotic adhesions, which can severely restrict motion. Fibrotic adhesions are very difficult to diminish…

…How To Minimize Scar Tissue
Your first step to minimize scarring is proper first aid, followed by consistent care during the entire healing process…Alleviating the swelling associated with the inflammation process can limit the effects of scarring. Also, increasing circulation to allow necessary nutrients and cells into the area can minimize the size of scars…

Massage before the collagen fibers mature can reduce overgrowth, thus decreasing hypertrophic scarring, but should only be performed by a trained therapist. Stretching should not be performed during healing so as to avoid further stress on the area. However, gentle, partial range of motion without pain is acceptable to maintain flexibility of the area…

Once healing is complete, softening of the scar tissue by stretching and massage can greatly limit motion restrictions. Hypersensitive or painful scars may require desensitizing through tactile stimulation such as touching, brushing and pressure before stretching and massage can be tolerated."

http://www.asso ciatedcontent.c … sue.html?page=3
ModestoMan - IPR the sky is the limit?

11-08-2006

""Collagen remodeling will occur for some time afterward, up to several months,depending on how extensive the damage was. Regions of scarring become stronger over time, but they will never achieve the same strength as the original tissue. Tensile strength of 70 percent of normal is about the greatest one could expect.""

http://educatio n.vetmed.vt.edu … ab5/healing.htm
Iquana - IPR the sky is the limit?

11-09-2006

"I just finished talking to a friend of mine who is a Doctor and a biological professor. She knows about PE, so I decided to talk to her about scar tissue and the penis.

As I suspected, she agreed with me, and said that she highly doubts we are forming scar tissue within the penis. Scar tissue, she says, would:

* cause the penis to be lumpy and hard, like an injury or a scar (think of a scar that forms after you cut yourself).
* cause the penis to be assymetrical (that is, not round and cylinder-shaped like the penis is suppose to be).
* cause a decrease in hardness, as scar tissue forming around the veins would, in all probabilty, constrict them.
* And to her understanding, she thinks scar tissue would actually cause atrophy of the penis’s collagen, and probably a reduction in size (obviously we aren’t doing that).

Keep in mind that she is by no means a scar tissue expert, but this is her qualified opinion on the subect."

remek - IPR the sky is the limit?

11-15-2006

I think the idea is that the injuries that take place during PE are very small, essentially micro-tears, that may cause some soreness but not the kind of acute symptoms described in the TL extract.

This is yet another reason I doubt that scar tissue plays a very big role in PE. The TL extract also indicated that very small injuries heal over with virtually no sign of damage. I’m fairly certain most if not all PE induced injuries fall into this category.

Yet another idea to munch on is that we’re really not causing much inflammation, and that inflammation is really not the goal of PE. We’re applying traction, pressure, or stimulating blood flow to induce growth. Not to be negative on any particular PE theory, but inflammation and IPR healing in general may have no connection to why we gain. Indeed, I wouldn’t be surprised to learn that inflammation actually slows gains."

ModestoMan - IPR the sky is the limit?


Last edited by penismith : 11-18-2006 at .


Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction by Perineal Exercise, Electromyographic Biofeedback, and Electrical Stimulation
Marijke Van Kampen, Willy De Weerdt, Hubert Claes, Hilde Feys, Mira De Maeyer and Hendrik Van Poppel

Background and Purpose. Only a few investigators have described the involvement of the perineal muscles in the process of human erection. The aim of this research was to evaluate a re-education program for men with erection problems of different etiologies. Subjects and Methods. Fifty-one patients with erectile dysfunction were treated with pelvic-floor exercises, biofeedback, and electrical stimulation. Results. The results of the interventions can be summarized as follows: 24 patients (47%) regained a normal erection, 12 patients (24%) improved, and 6 patients (12%) did not make any progress. Nine patients (18%) did not complete the therapy. On the basis of several variables, a prediction equation was generated to determine the factors that would predict the effect of the interventions. The outcome was most favorable in men with venous-occlusive dysfunction. Discussion and Conclusion. Comparison of the results of the physical therapy protocol reported here with those obtained for other interventions reported in the literature shows that a pelvic-floor muscle program may be a noninvasive alternative for the treatment of patients with erectile dysfunction caused by venous occlusion.

http://www.goog le.it/search?hl … y&start=30&sa=N

Put down the bottle!


Effects of Ethanol on Intracorporeal Structures of the Rat
Journal International Urology and Nephrology
Publisher Springer Netherlands
ISSN 0301-1623 (Print) 1573-2584 (Online)
Issue Volume 38, Number 1 / February, 2006
DOI 10.1007/s11255-005-3150-4
Pages 129-132

Effects of Ethanol on Intracorporeal Structures of the Rat
Çetin Yeşilli1, 4 , Görkem Mungan2, Ilker Seçkiner1, Bülent Akduman1, Gamze Numanoğlu3 and Aydin Mungan1

(1) Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Karaelmas University, Kozlu/Zonguldak, Turkey
(2) Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Karaelmas University, Kozlu/Zonguldak, Turkey
(3) Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Karaelmas University, Kozlu/Zonguldak, Turkey
(4) Department of Urology, School of medicine, Karaelmas University, 67600 Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey

Abstract Objective: Previous studies demonstrated that acute in vitro exposure of corpus cavernosal tissue to ethanol decreased its response to field stimulation and pharmacological stimulation. In the present study we investigated the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the ultrastructure of cavernosal smooth muscle cells, elastic fibres and collagen content. Material and methods: Fourteen adult wistar rats were divided into a control group (n = 7, fed a standard diet and tap water) and an alcoholic group (n = 7, fed a standard diet and 5% (v/v) ethanol in drinking water and by increasing the ethanol concentration for every week, at the end of 6th week 30% (v/v) ethanol concentration was attained. Same dose was given until 12th week. At the end of 12th week blood samples were obtained and the ethanol concentrations were determined. The cavernosal tissues were obtained and immunohistochemical examinations were performed. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that chronic ethanol exposure markedly decreased the content of smooth muscle cells, elastic fibres and collagen type 4. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that in this animal model chronic ethanol exposure decreases the percentage of staining for smooth muscle actin, elastin, and collagen type 4 which are the key structures fundamental for erection.

Hypertrophy Of Penis

TWO CASES OF HYPERTROPHY OF THE PENIS; ONE DUE TO TRAUMATISM; THE OTHER, TO ELEPHANTIASIS. 1
BY ORVILLE HORWITZ, M.D.,

THE origin of hypertrophy of the penis is not yet understood; from cases that have been reported to the medical profession, the disease would seem, in some manner, to be associated with injuries to the lymphatic vessels.

Robert W. Taylor gives an account of a case where the organ grew to the length of eleven inches, the circumference being proportionately increased after the individual had received a gunshot wound of the lymphatic vessels of the groin.
………….
In the case of the person who came under my charge enlargement seemed to follow traumatism; its history is briefly as follows:
He is an acrobat, thirty-eight years old. Has always enjoyed good health; his family history is negative so far as abnormalities, tumors, or malignant diseases are concerned. Has never had any venereal disease. At the age of twenty-five the organ was of normal size. He is married and his wife has borne him two children.

Shortly after his marriage he observed that when he donned his tights, in which he appeared during his exhibitions, that his appearance was quite unseemly. In order to rectify this condition, he devised a harness so adjusted that he could strap the penis to the scrotum between his testicles. For several years he utilized this apparatus when he appeared in the ring; but frequently when performing his gyrations the organ would become twisted, causing pain, tenderness, and swelling, lasting for several days, followed by a subsidence to his normal condition.

After using the apparatus for the space of two years he observed that the organ was increasing greatly in size. This condition was unaccompanied by pain. Finally sexual congress became impossible. Some three weeks before presenting himself at the hospital while attempting to turn professional somersaults with the organ strapped between his legs the foreskin was wrenched, bruised, and slightly chafed;- this condition was followed
by inflammation and oedema of the prepuce, with suppurating periadenitis of both groins.

He begged to have amputation of the penis performed, as the size and weight of the organ had become so great that it was impossible for him to carry on his business.

The penis was of gigantic size; it was of normal shape; the enlargement was uniform; the skin perfectly smooth and healthy, moving freely over the subcutaneous connective tissue. There was no tenderness on pressure. There was an acquired phimosis, with enlarged suppurating glands of both groins.

The length of the organ from the pubis to the end of the prepuce was ten and one-half inches; the circumference at the middle of the body was nine and three-quarters inches. (See Fig. i.) The patient was circumcised, and on removing the foreskin an enormously developed but perfectly healthy glans was brought into view. The tissue forming the foreskin was normal, and no more bleeding took place than was natural. The glands of the groin were removed without difficulty. Microscopic examination of the foreskin discovered nothing abnormal. The individual recovered promptly from the effect of the operation without any untoward result.

Gigantic Penis

A pilot phase-II prospective study to test the 'efficacy' and tolerability of a penile-extender device in the treatment of 'short penis'.

Gontero P. et al.

Dipartimento di Discipline Medico Chirurgiche, Urologia 1, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

OBJECTIVE To assess a commonly marketed brand of penile extender, the Andro-Penis(R) (Andromedical, Madrid, Spain), widely used devices which aim to increase penile size, in a phase II single-arm study powered to detect significant changes in penile size, as despite their widespread use, there is little scientific evidence to support their potential clinical utility in the treatment of patients with inadequate penile dimensions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifteen patients were required to test the efficacy of the device, assuming an effect size of >0.8. Eligible patients were counselled how to use the penile extender for at least 4 h/day for 6 months. Penile dimensions were measured at baseline and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months (end of study). The erectile function (EF) domain of the International Index of EF was administered at baseline and at the end of the study. Treatment satisfaction was assessed using an institutional unvalidated five-item questionnaire. RESULTS After 6 months the mean gain in length was significant, meeting the goals of the effect size, at 2.3 and 1.7 cm for the flaccid and stretched penis, respectively. No significant changes in penile girth were detected. The EF domain scores improved significantly at the end of study. Treatment satisfaction scores were consistent with acceptable to good improvement in all items, except for penile girth, where the score was either ‘no change’ or ‘mild improvement’. CONCLUSIONS Penile extenders should be regarded as a minimally invasive and effective treatment option to elongate the penile shaft in patients seeking treatment for a short penis.



http://www.ncbi … pubmed/18990153

Latest penile-extender study:

Effect of Penile-Extender Device in Increasing Penile Size in Men with Shortened Penis: Preliminary Results
Mohammadreza Nikoobakht, MD, Alireza Shahnazari, MD, Maedeh Rezaeidanesh, MD, Abdolrasoul Mehrsai, MD, and Gholamreza Pourmand, MD
Urology Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence to Mohammadreza Nikoobakht, MD, Urology Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hassan-Abad Square, Tehran 1136746911, Iran. Tel: +98 (21) 66717447; Fax: +98 (21) 66717447; E-mail: nikoobakht_r@live.com
Copyright © 2010 International Society for Sexual Medicine
KEYWORDS
Penile Extender • Penile Size • Penile Length • Penile Circumference • Short Penis • Stretched Penile Length
ABSTRACT

Introduction. It has been suggested that the application of penile-extender devices increases penile length and circumference. However, there are a few scientific studies in this field.

Aims. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a penile-extender (Golden Erect®, Ronas Tajhiz Teb, Tehran, Iran) in increasing penile size.

Methods. This prospective study was performed on subjects complaining about "short penis" who were presented to our clinic between September 15, 2008 and December 15, 2008. After measuring the penile length in flaccid and stretched forms and penile circumference, patients were instructed to wear Golden Erect®, 4–6 hours per day during the first 2 weeks and then 9 hours per day until the end of the third month. The subjects were also trained how to increase the force of the device during determined intervals. The patients were visited at the end of the first and third months, and penile length and circumference were measured and compared with baseline.

Main Outcome Measures. The primary end point of the study was changes in flaccid and stretched penile lengths compared with the baseline size during the 3 months follow-up.

Results. Twenty-three cases with a mean age of 26.5 ± 8.1 years entered the study. The mean flaccid penile length increased from 8.8 ± 1.2 cm to 10.1 ± 1.2 cm and 10.5 ± 1.2 cm, respectively, in the first and third months of follow-up, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Mean stretched penile length also significantly increased from 11.5 ± 1.0 cm to, respectively, 12.4 ± 1.3 cm and 13.2 ± 1.4 cm during the first and second follow-up (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found regarding proximal penile girth. However, it was not the same regarding the circumference of the glans penis (9.3 ± 0.86 cm vs. 8.8 ± 0.66 cm, P < 0.05).

Conclusion. Our findings supported the efficacy of the device in increasing penile length. Our result also suggested the possibility of glans penis girth enhancement using penile extender. Performing more studies is recommended.

http://www3.int erscience.wiley … 245501/abstract

Vacuum erection devices to treat erectile dysfunction and early penile rehabilitation following radical prostatectomy
Craig D. Zippe and Geetu Pahlajani

Abstract
Vacuum erection devices (VED) are becoming first-line therapies for erectile dysfunction and preservation (rehabilitation) of erectile function following treatment for prostate cancer. Currently, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors have limited efficacy in elderly patients or patients with moderate to severe diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Alternative therapies, such as VED, have emerged as a primary option for patients refractory to oral therapy. VED has also been successfully used in combination treatment with oral therapy and penile injections. More recently, there has been interest in the use of VED in early intervention protocols to encourage corporeal rehabilitation and prevention of post-radical prostatectomy venoocclusive dysfunction. This is evident by the preservation of penile length and girth seen with the early use of the VED following radical prostatectomy. There are ongoing studies to help preserve penile length and girth with early use of VED following prostate brachytherapy and external beam radiation for prostate cancer. Recently, there has also been interest in VED to help maintain penile length following surgical correction of Peyronie’s disease and to increase penile size before implantation of the penile prosthesis.

External vacuum devices: a clinical comparison with pharmacologic erections
J. E. Gould, D. M. Switters, G. A. Broderick and R. W. White

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to compare the satisfaction rates obtained for vacuum constriction devices with those achieved using intracavernous pharmacologic injections in a group of patients afflicted with erectile dysfunction.

The subjects were stratified into three groups: group 1 failed to achieve an adequate erection on pharmacologic injection, group 2 achieved satisfactory erection following pharmacologic injection, and group 3 was left untreated. All patients were given a vacuum constriction device. We assessed their satisfaction using a questionnaire. The data suggest high satisfaction rates in all three groups.

Of particular interest was that over half of the patients who had successfully been treated with pharmacologic injections switched to the vacuum constriction device at the end of the study. The data indicate high levels of patient satisfaction with the vacuum constriction devices, even among subjects in whom prior alternative impotence therapy had been successful.

Ok, two new studies here.

First one is not that new but have not seen posted yet, so here you are :

Lengthening shortened penis caused by Peyronie's disease using circular venous grafting and daily stretching with a vacuum erection device.

Lue TF, El-Sakka AI.

Department of Urology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0738, USA.
Abstract

PURPOSE: We evaluated the results of chronic intermittent stretching with a vacuum erection device after circumferential tunical incision and circular venous grafting in 4 patients with penile shortening from severe Peyronie's disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed complete circumferential tunical incision and covered the defect with a circular venous graft in 4 patients with shortened penis as a result of Peyronie’s disease. Preoperative evaluation included determination of patient and partner expectations, potency status, measurement of penile length after intracavernous injection and color duplex ultrasonography to determine possible vascular communication. Lower saphenous, upper saphenous and deep dorsal veins served as graft materials. We advised patients to use a vacuum device on a daily basis for 6 months starting 1 month after surgery. Postoperative evaluations were done at 6 and 18 months postoperatively.

RESULTS: At 6-month followup 1 patient who did not use the vacuum device gained 1 inch in penile length and was not available for further followup. The other 3 patients each gained 2 inches but had decreased erectile rigidity due to narrowing in the grafted area (hourglass deformity).

One patient who wanted a more natural erection elected penile prosthesis implantation about 1 year after grafting. The remaining 2 patients gained 3 inches at 18-month followup and regained partial penile rigidity similar to preoperative erections when the hourglass deformity improved.

All patients were satisfied and indicated that surgery improved psychological well-being as well as relationships with partners.

CONCLUSIONS: The results in this small group are satisfactory. Our technique offers a reasonable solution for correction of penile shortening in patients with Peyronie’s disease."

Lengthening shortened penis caused by Peyronie’s disease using circular venous grafting and daily stretching with a vacuum erection device

I’ll post the newer one as I have the next break from job.

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